The aim of the article is to establish the way in which Resurrección [Resurrection], a novella by Jose Maria Rivas Groot, reflects the debates over the psychophysiological conception of consciousness that took place in Colombia at the beginning of the twentieth-century. The analysis, made from the standpoint of cultural history, explores the ideas of experimental psychologists and intellectuals, such as Claude Bernard, William James, Émile Zola or Paul Bourget, who, contrary to hegemonical discourses, suggested a sensory cause for consciousness. (...) The article also studies, through a hermeneutical approach, the way in which such conception is developed within Rivas Groot’s work. This study reveals the interest of the writers of this period to explore the aesthetic elements provided by this new conception of the human being, which was undertaken by contrasting it with the forms and paradigms of the metaphysical stance and preferring the latter as the most plausible explanation for existence. (shrink)

Traducción crítica de las dos cuestiones_ quodlibetales_ dedicadas por Enrique de Gante al origen causal de la imposibilidad, precedida de un estudio introductorio que analiza ambas cuestiones en el marco general de su ontología relacional. En la primera (VI.3), Enrique concluye que la imposibilidad de algo proviene _ex parte rei_; mientras que en la segunda (VIII.3), concluye que la imposibilidad de algo proviene _ex parte dei_. El estudio de ambas cuestiones muestra, por una parte, la continuidad y la dependencia de (...) la segunda cuestión respecto de la primera y, por otra, la debilidad de la distinción propuesta por Enrique entre la constitución formal de la _res_ y su posibilidad objetiva, así como la originalidad y el valor de la noción de nada (_purum nihil_) que logra precisar en ellas. (shrink)

Texto de presentación para el monográfico _De São Paulo a Puebla: la izquierda iberoamericana entre el retorno y la transformación (1990-2024)._.

Logical localism is a thesis within philosophy of logic according to which the correct logic is dependent on the topic, domain or subject matter of its application. There is a very straightforward problem for anyone defending a localist thesis, a problem that follows from the fact that we reason across domains. This challenge is known as the problem of mixed inferences. The problem is, very roughly, the following: suppose that there are at least two components, within the premises or conclusion (...) of an argument, belonging to domains governed by different logics. Then, which is the criterion of validity for the mixed argument? Our aim is to offer an answer to this question and, more concretely, a way out to the dilemma that Chase Wrenn has raised in his analysis of the problem of mixed inferences. We will use Joshua Schechter’s method of combining logics, juxtaposition, as the criterion of validity for mixed inferences. After exploring its virtues and possible shortcomings, we argue that juxtaposition is a first step towards a fully-fledged solution, but already a promising way out of the dilemma posed by Wrenn. (shrink)

The planetary boundaries concept has profoundly changed the vocabulary and representation of global environmental issues. The article starts by highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of planetary boundaries from a social science perspective. It is argued that the growth imperative of capitalist economies, as well as other particular characteristics detailed below, are the main drivers of the ecological crisis and exacerbated trends already underway. Further, the planetary boundaries framework can support interpretations that do not solely emphasize technocratic operational approaches and costs, (...) but also assume that these alone can be the solution. (shrink)

The notion of societal boundaries aims to enhance the debate on planetary boundaries. The focus is on capitalist societies as a heuristic for discussing the expansionary dynamics, power relations, and lock-ins of modern societies that impel highly unsustainable societal relations with nature. While formulating societal boundaries implies a controversial process – based on normative judgments, ethical concerns, and socio-political struggles – it has the potential to offer guidelines for a just, social-ecological transformation.

Social representations can be conveyed through language, which expresses a construction of the reality. Assuming the complex task of analyzing the results of a qualitative study, this article exposes from a structuralist approach, a proposal to analyze and construct social representations from the central core theory. Thus validate in methodological terms, a way to graphically express results for a holistic analysis and interpretation of these central and peripheral notions. The proposal is elaborated for application in studies with primary sources such (...) as interviews and their treatment through a content analysis. (shrink)

With his powerful thought image of the constellation, Walter Benjamin provides a method for the core practices of the Humanities: reading, writing, and thinking. This collection of provocative essays demonstrates how thinking in constellations with Walter Benjamin leads us towards a new understanding of the critical task of the Humanities today: it goes beyond disciplinary boundaries and challenges assumptions of linearity, coherence, and progression inherent in our scholarly praxis. The volume brings some of the most articulate young voices in international (...) Benjamin scholarship together, and takes an interdisciplinary approach, covering wide-ranging fields of knowledge quantum physics, postcolonial studies, natural philosophy, psychoanalysis, film theory, literature, and the arts. Benjamin's texts are re-considered in light of thinkers and poets, such as Theodor W. Adorno, Sigmund Freud, Gottfried E. Leibniz, W. G. Sebald, Franz Kafka, or Carlos Martìnez Rivas. The critical potential of constellations in Benjamin's work and beyond will be of the highest interest for researchers and students in all areas of the Humanities. (shrink)

Goldberg notes that the relationship is a component of Conflicts of Interests. Networks of relationships and the simultaneous presence of several interests are not negative per se but become so when they generate a conflict that undermines impartiality. The solution to the problem of COIs, therefore, cannot be to abolish relationships and the interests that they necessarily express but rather to verify whether those relationships are such as to unduly affect an individual’s judgement. The evolution of an Italian legislation about (...) COIs is eloquent in this regard. (shrink)

Los estudios foucaultianos sobre la gubernamentalidad neoliberal han prestado mucha atención a la tercera parte de _Las confesiones de la carne_, en la que Foucault traza la arqueología del “hombre de deseo” y del sujeto jurídico. Sin embargo, la literatura ha tendido a prestar poca atención a la segunda parte del libro, dedicada al estudio de la virginidad. Es esta parte la que este trabajo pretende estudiar, reconstruyendo críticamente los argumentos de Foucault y mostrando el lugar que la virginidad cristiana (...) ocupa en la genealogía del sujeto moderno y de la gubernamentalidad liberal. Por último, el trabajo pretende mostrar que la virginidad cristiana primitiva, tal y como la presentan Brown y Foucault, puede definirse como lo que este último denominó una “contraconducta”. (shrink)

Public health emergencies such as pandemics can put health systems in a position where they need to ration medical equipment and interventions because the resources available are not sufficient to meet demand. In public health management, the fair allocation of resources is a permanent and cross-sector issue since resources, and especially economic resources, are not infinite. During the COVID-19 pandemic resources need to be allocated under conditions of extreme urgency and uncertainty. One very problematic aspect has concerned intensive care medicine (...) and age discrimination has been among the most hotly discussed issues, as age has been touted as a probable criterion for selection. In this paper we analyse some documents originating from scientific societies and medical associations, mainly related to EU sphere and available in English, French, Spanish and Italian (Switzerland, Spain, Belgium, France, England and Italy), concerning the criteria for admission to the intensive care units. We highlights how, in most of these documents, it is explicitly stated that “age itself” is not a criterion for patient selection. Our conclusion is that these criteria should be defined in advance of a crisis situation and be grounded in clinical indicators. Establishing “cut-off” policies with regard to criteria such as age or chronic disability is definitely an unjustifiable form of discrimination even in the context of a public health emergency. (shrink)

Critics are calling for the decolonization of AI (artificial intelligence). The problem is that this technology is marginalizing other modes of knowledge with dehumanizing applications. What is needed to remedy this situation is the development of human-centric AI. However, there is a serious blind spot in this strategy that is addressed in this paper. The corrective that is usually proposed—participatory design—lacks the philosophical rigor to undercut the autonomy of AI, and thus the colonization spawned by this technology. A more radical (...) or substantial proposal is advanced in this discussion that is known as community-based design. This alternative makes a theoretical maneuver that allows AI design to be directed by human agency, thereby introducing a safeguard that may help to prevent colonization by this technology. (shrink)

El presente artículo tiene por intención principal dilucidar las distinciones y relaciones conceptuales que existen entre labor, trabajo y ocio, en el pensamiento de Hannah Arendt y Walter Benjamin, a modo de esclarecer cómo los posicionamientos de ambos autores contribuyen a la crítica de la concepción del trabajo moderno. Para ello, será necesario exponer los matices conceptuales de la obra de Arendt, a saber, la distinción entre trabajo y labor, con el fin de trazar las diferencias y puntos de encuentro (...) con las reflexiones de Benjamin en torno a los cambios traídos como consecuencia del auge del capitalismo industrial y en la experiencia del ocio. Entre estos matices, esclarecimientos y contrastes, es preciso no solo destacar la importancia de la relación e influencia de ambos autores, sino su vigencia en las problemáticas sociales contemporáneas al respecto. (shrink)

En sus ensayos autofigurativos, más allá de proponer al lector una imagen de sí, Hernando Téllez revela la denodada lucha que libra por no permitir que la fuerza del olvido, inherente al transcurso de vida, lo alcance por completo. Su obra, que a través de una cuidadosa prosa consigue hacer sólidos planteamientos respecto a temas esenciales como el amor, la soledad, la infancia, la juventud y la vejez, logra también hacer guiños a la obra de un autor como Marcel Proust, (...) quien se preguntó qué tanto tienen que ver la memoria y el olvido con esos conceptos y la forma como los percibimos. (shrink)

_Following Putnam’s Trail_ addresses Putnam’s path through important philosophical problems. One outstanding feature of Putnam’s philosophy has been his contribution to the development of American pragmatism as well as his many changes of mind when thinking about realism. Realism and pragmatism are indeed the central focus of the contributions to the volume. The book includes a defence of pragmatism by Putnam himself, and several commentaries on it. This volume should be of interest both to scholars who specialize in analytical philosophy (...) as well as to those who have a wider interest in philosophy. (shrink)

El inicio del nuevo siglo viene caracterizado en el orden económico por la desigualdad y la creciente globalización. Se han producido, en los últimos tiempos, muchos cambios, pero también permanecen viejas estructuras. La gran cantidad de privaciones existentes es uno de los rasgos más distintivos de la economía mundial actual, sobre todo en relación con el nivel de riqueza logrado, la renta que se genera y el progreso tecnológico conseguido. Analizar estas privaciones, plantear las causas de por qué se producen (...) y examinar las tendencias de la economía mundial son el objetivo central de este trabajo. El proceso de globalización neoliberal que estamos viviendo desde los años ochenta no ayuda a resolver esos viejos problemas, sino que agrava, por el contrario, la desigualdad internacional, las diferencias que se dan entre los hombres y mujeres en cuanto oportunidades y derechos, e intensifica la desigualdad dentro de los Estados-nación, incluidos la mayor parte de los países desarrollados. (shrink)

El desarrollo de la ciencia y la tecnología y de las competencias técnicas ha impulsado el desarrollo de las sociedad haciéndolas más complejas, causando que las aptitudes emocionales se conviertan en factores de éxito, ya que afectan el desempeño humano en todos los escenarios donde se desenvuelve, no obstante a pesar de las investigaciones en este área, actualmente no se cuenta con modelos que relacionen dichas aptitudes con el rendimiento organizacional, lo cual dio origen a esta investigación que busca determinar (...) el impacto de dichas competencias en la ejecución de proyectos en la empresa ENGISERV VENEZUELA C.A. Para realizar el estudio la metodología usada considero que se trata de una investigación de campo, no experimental y transversal. La población fue de 35 expertos en proyectos y la muestra se seleccionó por el método probabilístico aleatorio simple, Concluyéndose que las competencias emocionales afectan el rendimiento de los proyectos cerca 83,4%. Palabras Clave: Inteligencia emocional, competencias emocionales, rendimiento de proyectos. Referencias [1]J. García. «Caminos de la reflexión La teoría Orteguiana de las ideas y las creencias en el contexto de la escuela de Madrid».Edición 8, España: Biblioteca Nueva 2009. [2]D. McClelland. «Testing for Competencies rather than intelligence». American Psychologist. Edicion 1, NewYork, Harvard University 1973. [3]Levy-Leboyer, Claude. «Gestión de las Competencias».Edición 1, Ediciones Gestión 2000. Barcelona, España 1997. [4]R. Bisquerra. “Educación emocional y competencias básicas para la vida”. RIE, vol 21, pp. 1, 7-43. Junio 2003. [5]R. Fragoso "Inteligencia emocional y competencias emocionales en educación superior, ¿un mismo concepto?” RIES, vol. VI, no. 16, pp.110-125. Marzo 2015. [6]J. Sánchez “La competencia emocional en la escuela: una propuesta de organización dimensional y criterial”, RFEA. vol. 25, pp. 79-96, Abril 2010”. [7]Goleman, D. «Working with emotional intelligence». Bantam. 1998. [8]M. Vivas "La educación emocional: conceptos fundamentales." RUI, vol. 4, no. 2, pp.1-21. Agosto.2003. [9]W. Pinkerton. «Project management achieving project bottom-line success», Edicion 1, Pennsylvania Mc-Graw-Hill, 2003. [10]D. Goleman. «Inteligencia emocional en la empresa» Barcelona, España. Editorial Kairós, 2018. [11]C. Michelena. «Estrategias para la elaboración de un proyecto de investigación». Caracas: Insertos Médicos de Venezuela, 2004. [12]R. Sierra. «Técnicas de Investigación Social». Buenos Aires: Editorial Paraninfo.1992. [13]P. Baptista. C. Fernández y R Hernández. “Metodología de la investigación”. México DF: McGraw–Hill.2010. [14]M. Carbonero. “Formación inicial docente y competencias emocionales”: Educ. Pesqui. vol.45. pp.3-20 Abril, 2019. [15]American Management Association. «Leading with emotional intelligence», Nueva York, AMA 2012. (shrink)

The use of human biological materials involves a number of issues from both an ethical and a legal point of view. In recent decades, the purposes for which this material has been used have i...

The countable sequences of cardinals which arise as cardinal sequences of superatomic Boolean algebras were characterized by La Grange on the basis of ZFC set theory. However, no similar characterization is available for uncountable cardinal sequences. In this paper we prove the following two consistency results:Ifθ = 〈κ α :α <ω 1〉 is a sequence of infinite cardinals, then there is a cardinal-preserving notion of forcing that changes cardinal exponentiation and forces the existence of a superatomic Boolean algebraB such that (...) θ is the cardinal sequence ofB.Ifκ is an uncountable cardinal such thatκ <κ =κ andθ = 〈κ α :α <κ +〉 is a cardinal sequence such thatκ α ≥κ for everyα <κ + andκ α =κ for everyα <κ + such that cf(α)<κ, then there is a cardinal-preserving notion of forcing that changes cardinal exponentiation and forces the existence of a superatomic Boolean algebraB such that θ is the cardinal sequence ofB. (shrink)

El revisionismo austríaco discutió la tesis de la historiografía económica clásica en torno a una supuesta incomprensión escolástica del mercado fundada en el �justo precio� y en la concepción aristotélica del valor, y vio en dicha concepción la raíz de la teoría subjetiva del valor sostenida por la primera generación de austríacos. Aquí mostramos, sin embargo, que los principales revisionistas austríacos realizaron una interpretación sesgada de la distinción entre valor de uso y valor de cambio en Aristóteles, e indicamos las (...) claves esenciales en torno a las cuales debería girar la recuperación de la auténtica dimensión del valor económico en Aristóteles. (shrink)

In connection with some known results on uncountable cardinal sequences for superatomic Boolean algebras, we shall describe some open questions for superatomic Boolean algebras concerning singular cardinals.

Of several distinctions made between people in a society, this article addresses a specific question: when do we have a legal directive that is unfair and therefore discriminatory? The article puts forward a set of criteria that judges might use in order to determine if a distinction made by a legal directive has a rational and objective justification.Resumen:De las muchas diferenciaciones que se presentan entre las personas de una sociedad, este artículo analiza una específica: cuando un trato desigual establecido por (...) una ley constituye un trato discriminatorio. Se consideran los criterios que debe usar el juez para determinar si la distinción hecha por una norma —de los derechos y libertades fundamentales de las personas— descansa en una justificación racional y objetiva. (shrink)

La Segunda Guerra Mundial y las atrocidades cometidas en investigaciones con los prisioneros en los campos de concentración nazis y japoneses, despertaron la conciencia por el desarrollo de los derechos humanos que se habían conquistado paulatinamente a lo largo de la historia. Por ello se conforman una serie de leyes, normas y declaraciones donde se tratan los aspectos bioéticos en los ensayos clínicos. Se debe prestar vital atención a la relación médico-paciente en el curso de las investigaciones y considerar la (...) relación beneficio/riesgo cuando se va a experimentar en seres humanos. La retinopatía diabética proliferativa es una de las afecciones oftalmológicas que más ensayos ha suscitado. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en analizar algunos aspectos éticos en la experimentación en pacientes con esta afección. The Second World War and the atrocities committed in research with prisoners in Japanese and Nazi concentration camps, awakened consciousness for the development of human rights that had gradually been conquered throughout history. That´s why a series of laws, rules and statements that deal with bioethical aspects in clinical trials, were passed. Special attention must be given to the doctor-patient relationship during the research and consider the benefit/risk ratio when conducting experiments on human beings. Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy is one of the ophthalmological disorders that has given rise to more trials. The research goal is to analyze some ethical aspects when experimenting on patients with this condition. (shrink)

Let denote the class of all cardinal sequences of length α associated with compact scattered spaces. Also put If λ is a cardinal and α λ1>>λn−1 and ordinals α0,…,αn−1 such that α=α0++αn−1 and where each .The proofs are based on constructions of universal locally compact scattered spaces.

Las personas dedicadas a otorgar servicios de la salud tienen el compromiso legal, ético, profesional y humano de velar por la salud y el bienestar de la sociedad. Un médico no sólo debe formarse en el ámbito académico y técnico, también debe construir y trabajar en su ética profesional. La actualización médica continua en medicina basada en evidencia y el continuo adiestramiento en el área práctica y clínica, si bien son de suma importancia, deben ir de la mano con la (...) aplicación de los principios éticos tales como el respeto por la autonomía, la beneficencia, no maleficencia al paciente y la justicia. El análisis de casos clínicos reales a la luz de la ética es un ejercicio muy enriquecedor para trascender en nuestra práctica diaria. No solamente es de gran ayuda para detectar y prevenir conductas que pudieran vulnerar o atentar contra la dignidad de los pacientes, sino para reafirmar el valor y la centralidad de la persona humana en el abordaje médico. (shrink)

We investigate the effect after forcing with a coherent Souslin tree on the gap structure of the class of coherent Aronszajn trees ordered by embeddability. We shall show, assuming the relativized version PFA(S) of the proper forcing axiom, that the Souslin tree S forces that the class of Aronszajn trees ordered by the embeddability relation is universal for linear orders of cardinality at most ${\aleph_1}$.

By using the notion of a simplified (κ,1)-morass, we construct κ-thin-tall, κ-thin-thick and, in a forcing extension, κ-very thin-thick superatomic Boolean algebras for every infinite regular cardinal κ.

We address some phenomena about the interaction between lower semicontinuous submeasures on $${\mathbb {N}}$$ N and $$F_{\sigma }$$ F σ ideals. We analyze the pathology degree of a submeasure and present a method to construct pathological $$F_{\sigma }$$ F σ ideals. We give a partial answers to the question of whether every nonpathological tall $$F_{\sigma }$$ F σ ideal is Katětov above the random ideal or at least has a Borel selector. Finally, we show a representation of nonpathological $$F_{\sigma }$$ (...) F σ ideals using sequences in Banach spaces. (shrink)

We consider some questions of Donald Monk related to attainment of the tightness function in Boolean spaces. Then we prove in ZFC that attainment of tightness in the sense of the definition does not imply attainment of tightness in the free sequence sense. Our results give rise to full answers to [2, Problems 41, 42].